The Influence of The Impressionist Era Essay - 1015 Words

The Influence of The Impressionist Era Impressionism, one of the later eras in classical music composition. An era where emotions are expressed vividly while still following musical structure, where music caused much political controversy, and where France became known for its musical talent. In this essay you will read of how impressionism set a lasting mark in musical and national histories, and how it influenced modern music as we know it. The Impressionist Era all started with Claude Debussy, being tired of the formed classical structure, and the romantic informality. Of all of the musicians who ever lived Debussy (1862-1918) was known for his originality and adventurous style. His influences soon spread throughout the†¦show more content†¦There was now more freedom in the rhythms, and symphonic style. Harmonies tended to overpower the melody, and chord progressions evolved. Impressionism was really a mix of romantic and classical concepts, mixing together the best qualities. That is why in Debussys works you can sense an empowering emotion or tone, while still knowing that the piece is structured, and formed to composition rules. In the Impressionist Era a new principle in composition was founded: A musical piece is not measured in greatness by its duration, its volume, the compelling rhythm, or its deep tone; but by its beauty and its idea. The Impressionist Era doesnt only apply to the musical arts. The impressionist movement continued into literature, art, architecture, and dance. In fact, many composers used to use other impressionist art or literature to inspire their works. The era was known for the swapping of arts in which a poem would progress into a painting, and the painting into a musical masterpiece. This concept took a fair amount of time before prestigious schools of the arts agreed to the practice; however the public loved how tone and description could be translated between the arts. Some of the eras most reputed masterpieces are: Five Orchestral Pieces - Arnold Schoenberg, The Rite of Spring - Igor Stravinsky, Jeux - Claude Debussy, La Mer - Claude Debussy, and Clair de Lune - Claude Debussy. These pieces all became widely known and loved by theShow MoreRelatedVincent Van Gogh s Influence On The Post Impressionist Era1949 Words   |  8 Pagespainter born in 1853 and he was a part of the Post-Impressionist period of art. Most of van Gogh’s painting can be considered a biographical approach as his paintings are events he experienced through his life which he wants to recreate. Van Gogh used colours and forms to convey what he felt about the things he painted and what he wished others to feel (Gombrich, 1995, p. 548). Vincent van Gogh had an incredible influence on the Post-Impressionist era and how art is perceived now. He utilized new elementsRead MoreA Brief Note On Impressionism And Post Impressionism958 Words   |  4 Pageswere taking place which gave rise to Impressionism. For example, industrial expansion gave artist further access to synthetic chemical pigments, which was developed by modern science to replace old-fashioned organic pigments (Hamme rstingl, 1998). Impressionist artists had a very firm understanding of optical mixing, color theory, etc., which created astonishing vivid colors. The artists also captured transitory atmospheric effects in their painting. The artists from the Impressionism period were againstRead MoreIwt1 Task 1 Wgu Essay1294 Words   |  6 Pageslight and beauty of natures. These artists were against painting a picture of moral messages, as the artists of past they mostly painted in studio. Impressionist had very firm understating of color theory, optics, nature of light, and optical mixing (created much more vivid colors in the eyes of the viewers). The invention of photography had profound influence on the artist of the day, the way they handle perspective in the relationship between subject matters in space. The invention of photography essentiallyRead MoreDancers in the Green Room863 Words   |  4 Pagestechnique. I would try to see the mood that the art was conveying. So began my great j ourney. A painting that I did enjoy was The Last Supper by Jean-Baptiste de Cham-paigne. It was intriguing to find that the artist had a strong ancient Roman influence in his rendition of the event. Another painting I also enjoyed how dramatic Peter Paul Reubens made The Meeting of David and Abigail. I could really see the difference be-tween David’s aggressive army meeting with Abigail and her humble servantsRead More Monet Vs. Degas: Impressionist Aesthetics Essay1037 Words   |  5 Pages Although from the same artist group, these Impressionists originated from backgrounds that seemed worlds apart. Claude Monet, known as the â€Å"Master Impressionist† varied the themes in his artwork more than any other artist did. Monet’s work â€Å"Impression Sunrise†, of which the term â€Å"Impressionist† originates also gives rise to the title â€Å"Master Impressionist†. Edgar Degas started his career as an artist with nothing in common with Monet but the era in which they lived. From themes to brushstrokesRead MoreThe Impressionist Period : The Impressionists Techniques Developed During The Late 1800s1678 Words   |  7 PagesThe Impressionist period describes a group of painters living in Paris France between approximately 1867 and 1886. Although the Impressionists acquired their name in 1874, the Impressionists techniques developed during the late 1860s. This group of painters was differentiated by breaking away from the strict academic thoughts on painting, liberating themselves from the rules and traditions of the painters of the time. Impressionist focused less on achieving perfectly finished and realistic worksRead MoreEssay on The Romantic Era a.k.a. the Enlightment Era649 Words   |  3 PagesThe romantic era was mostly considered the enlightenment era because it brought change to the way a person would look at nature and themselves. This changed how people imagined things. By the end of the 19th century the romantic era was started. Many artisans took this change to make literature, music, and poetry more emotional and self-embodiment. During this time period artists became famous and inspired many people with their works. Caspar David Friedrich was a famous artist who lived from 1774-1840Read MoreLes Demoiselles D Avignon Vs The Starry Night970 Words   |  4 Pages(Jirat-Wasiutynski 659). This painting is well known due to the fact that it is easy to relate to, as most people have seen the night sky over-looking their city. Van Gogh could have been considered an Impressionist in his time, although his techniques were more distinct than those of other impressionists during his time allowing him to stand out. He used lines that were â€Å"expressive† and methods of applying paint with body known an â€Å"impasto†, which eventually became sort of an autograph for van GoghRead MoreThe Child s Bath, By Mary Cassatt1425 Words   |  6 Pagesway to suppress secrets, emotions, and desires within an individual s mind. The Child’s Bath, by Mary Cassatt, is one such painting that brings you to experience the powerful emotion of a mother’s love. Mary Stevenson Cassatt was an American impressionist painter. Cassatt is most remembered for her noteworthy paintings that portray special moments captured between a mother and her child. Cassatt stated, â€Å"I love to paint children. They are natural and truthful.† This quote is ironic to me becauseRead MoreElisabeth Condon’s Nocturne vs. Vincent van Gogh’s The Starry Night1393 Words   |  6 Pagesor surrounding them in circular forms appearing almost like an aura of energy. The artist of Nocturne, Elisabeth Condon, was heavily influenced by the places she has visited. Her own craft of improvisational paint pouring combined with the influence of Eastern art, specifically Chinese scrolls, helps to create the unique presence that each painting holds. â€Å"Her paintings, collages and drawings use improvisational pours of paint, sketchbook drawings and digital projections to establish idiosyncratic

My Seven Habits Profile Self Scoring System - 843 Words

The results of my Seven Habits Profile self-scoring system indicates that I scored relatively high on 8 of the nine categories with one category listed as good. The sores for each of the nine categories were well balanced. The results of my scores indicate that I am a strong leader and in line with the seven habits effectiveness. My leadership ability creates an environment of clarity, fairness and inclusion. The Seven Habits Profile provided me with an overview of my leadership skillset and the measure of my ability to be an effective leader. My scores were balanced but it did give me a view of areas that I can improve. I am the type of leader that cares about the employees and but at the same time I am focus on the mission, objectives and goals of the department, customers we serve and the institution that employs me. Having the blue print and understanding of the Seven Habit Profile will make me an effective leader. According to the results of the Seven Habits Profile, I scored â€Å"very good† on the following categories: Be Proactive, Begin with the end in Mind, and Synergize. I scored just above â€Å"Good† on the following categories: Emotional Bank Account, Life Balance, Thin Win-Win, Seek First to Understand, Sharpen the Saw, and Put First Things First. My scores were similar but there were a few categories that stand out both in positive and in areas where I see potential for improvement. Be Proactive I practice and coach my staff to stay focus on whatShow MoreRelatedC2092527 Words   |  11 PagesKamen-Kannel Table of Contents Reflection on Seven Habits Profile 3 Personal Leadership Strengths 4 Personal Leadership Weaknesses 5 Recommendation for Personal Leadership 6 S.M.A.R.T Goals 6 Specific Actions 7 References 8 Reflection on Seven Habits Profile – A After completing the Seven Habits profile, I reviewed my results from the completed profile form. The profile was pretty true to form in how I look at life whether it be, business, or life goals and my end vision for how I would like thingsRead MoreThesis-Customer Service9955 Words   |  40 Pages70% of Mang Inasal amounting to P3 billion. Mang Inasal is the fastest growing barbeque fast food chain, serving chicken, pork barbeque and other Filipino favorites. Currently, there are 445 branches nationwide and with over 10,000 employees system wide. Mang Inasal is doing its share in alleviating the unemployment burden of the country. The presence of every Mang Inasal in a certain area provides not only employment but also opportunities to community members including suppliers of kalamansiRead More25 Activities for Customer Service Excellence16252 Words   |  66 Pages........................ 117 21. The ABCs of Customer Service................................................................. 127 Part 5—Achieving Results................................................................................. 133 22. Self-Fulfilling Prophecies .......................................................................... 135 23. Word Games............................................................................................... 139 24. Winning and Losing with theRead MoreDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words   |  1617 PagesRiver, New Jersey 07458. All rights reserved. Manufactured in the United States of America. This publication is protected by Copyright, and permission should be obtained from the publisher prior to any prohibited reproduction, storage in a retrieval system, or transmission in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or likewise. To obtain permission(s) to use material from this work, please submit a written request to Pearson Education, Inc., Permissions DepartmentRead MoreImpact of Work Life Balance on Motivation of Employees in It Industry12005 Words   |  49 PagesIndustry has been done under my supervision by Sukriti Singh, Shaily Saini, Varun Krishna of MBA IV semester (2011-2013). SIGNATURE Name of students 1. Sukriti Singh 2. Shaily Saini 3. Varun Krishna ACKNOWLEDGEMENT If words are considered as a symbol of approval and token of appreciation then let the words play the heralding role expressing my gratitude. I am indebted to my project guide, for her supportRead MoreReport on time management, SWOT analysis, learning styles and essay and report writing7192 Words   |  29 Pagesstupidity with money Get frustrated when losing control Financially vulnerable Opportunities Threats Good job Job provides opportunities Opportunity to work to help toward debt May be funded by a Trust fund Create a good life with my partner Possibility to marry my partner Living alone successfully while partner travels with the Armed Forces Advance well at work Work towards a degree Possibility of having help from the hardship fund Work toward a better credit rating Falling behind due toRead MoreIce Cream Competitive Analysis23288 Words   |  94 Pagesand (ii) to get data that are important for my analysis. Furthermore, I conducted a field research in an attempt to understand consumer habits, tastes and price sensitivity when it comes to ice cream. Moreover, I went through relevant literature about marketing strategy and case studies of international ice cream brands in order to get an idea of how a successful ice cream company operates abroad. It was obvious from the findings I got from my management research that this is a company thatRead More2006 Arroyo Case Study31910 Words   |  128 Pages†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ i Organization Chart †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ xi 2006 Application Form †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ xii Glossary of Terms and Abbreviations †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ xiv Preface: Organizational Profile P.1 P.2 Organizational Description †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ xviii Organizational Challenges †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ xxi Category 1—Leadership 1.1 1.2 Senior Leadership †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ Governance and Social Responsibilities†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ Read More2006 Arroyo Case Study31910 Words   |  128 PagesCertification Form †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ i Organization Chart †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ xi 2006 Application Form †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ xii Glossary of Terms and Abbreviations †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ xiv Preface: Organizational Profile P.1 P.2 Organizational Description †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ xviii Organizational Challenges †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ xxi Category 1—Leadership 1.1 1.2 Senior Leadership †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ Governance and Social Responsibilities†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ Read MoreImportance Of Relationship Marketing32123 Words   |  129 Pagescertify that SHRIYA MEHROTRA, student of MBA 4th semester Reg. No. 04VWCM6117 of our Institute has completed his Dissertation report on the topic â€Å"Customer Relationship Management and Importance of Relationship marketing In the Banking Sector†, under my guidance, and that no part of this report has been submitted for the award of any other Degree or Diploma to any other Board or University. Date: Place:

Taxation Theory - Practice and Law Law and Justice

Question: Discuss about theTaxation Theory, Practice and Law for Law and Justice. Answer: Introduction Brian Pape questioned receiving a tax bonus reward installment from the Commonwealth. The Commonwealth had conceived the extra installments plot as a measure to ward of the impacts of the worldwide money related emergency. Pape tested the legitimacy of the enactment sanctioned to approve the installment of the reward to specific classes of citizens (Kerr, 2009). The Commonwealth acknowledged that Pape had an individual enthusiasm for testing the operation of the expense reward enactment as it connected to him and in looking for a request keeping the Commissioner of Taxation from paying him the cash. Given the Commonwealth's concession that Pape had standing, the Court was calmed of the weight of considering whether a protest to the receipt of an unassuming reward installment (instead of the installment of an obligation) was an adequate enthusiasm for standing purposes (Grant Dollery, 2010). The Commonwealth, nonetheless, argued that there was a confinement of Pape's remaining in that he didn't have remaining to look for an assertion that the law was invalid completely: that is, in its general application to different citizens also. Notwithstanding, this was dismisses by all judges, with Gummow, Crennan and Bell JJ remarking that the contention gave "inadequate weight to the place of the manager of law in the plan of the Constitution" (Thomas, 2009). The Court's finding on standing implied that Pape could challenge parts of the program that went past his own private advantages and into the realm of sacred influence of the Commonwealth to spend public cash. Sections Breached Its clear from the proceedings that Mr. Pape as a tax payer was entitled to receiving a $250 under the bonus act (Gordon et al, 2015). Therefore, his defense team decided to submit four questions to the high court in determination of the best strategy or special case which would help in rules of the court, they include: Does Mr Pape have remaining to look for the alleviation guaranteed in his Writ of Summons and his Proclamation of Claim? Is the Tax Bonus for Working Australians Act (No 2) 2009 (Cth) legitimate in light of the fact that it is bolstered by at least one communicated or inferred heads of administrative power under the Province Constitution? Is installment of the tax bonus to which Mr Pape is entitled under the Bonus Act bolstered by legitimate allotment under sections 81 and 83 of the Constitution? Who ought to pay the expenses of this special case? The Commonwealth agitated Mr Pape staged to fight that the portion to him under the Bonus Act was unlawful, however displayed that he didn't have satisfactory uncommon energy to battle the more broad issue that the Bonus Act was invalid in its application to various individuals. No individual from the Court acknowledged this accommodation (Lynch, 2011). Findings by the Court was that the portion being rewarded to Mr Pape was unlawful in light of the way that the Bonus Act was invalid would tie in any resulting wrangle about concerning the authenticity of the Bonus Act.All individuals from the Court discovered that Mr Pape had remaining to look for an affirmation of shortcoming. The Court, largely felt that the held Bonus Act was a considerable law of the District Parliament, supported by s 51(xxxix) of the Constitution as being unplanned to the practice by Commonwealth Government officials impacting under section 61 of the Constitution (Beunen Duineveld, 2010). Question 3: Mr Pape fought that the money that ought to have been paid to natives under the Bonus Act had not been appropriated from the Consolidated Revenue Fund by law, as required by s 83 of the Constitution. He likewise contended that, regardless of the possibility that there had been an assignment by law, it was not an apportionment "for the reasons for the Commonwealth". Segment 81 of the Constitution expresses: All livelihoods or assets raised or got by the Executive Government of the Commonwealth ought to shape one Consolidated Revenue Fund, to be appropriated for the inspirations driving the Commonwealth in the way and subject to the charges and liabilities constrained by this Constitution. The Court held by lion's share that there was an assignment by law (Lehtonen et al, 2009). Section 16 of the Taxation Act 1953 appropriated the Consolidated Revenue Fund for the portion of specific aggregates the Commissioner is required to pay under any "tax laws". Fragment 3 of the rewa rd Act had the effect of making the Bonus Act an "assessment gathering law".The Bonus Act expanded the measure of cash to be pulled back from the Consolidated Revenue Fund under a current appointment. That was adequate to meet the necessity of s 83. The Court held that areas 81 and 83 don't themselves approve any consumption; rather they needed the spending of government assets to be legalized by Parliament. In understanding with an assentation between the gatherings the Court made no request for costs. This announcement is not proposed to be a substitute for the reasons of the High Court or to be utilized as a part of any later thought of the Court's reasons. Background to Litigation of the Case Before looking at the decision made by the high courts in regards to the case. Perhaps, it would be significant to provide a brief litigation that is pertained to the case. In light of the worldwide financial crisis, and as a major aspect of its monetary jolt bundle, the Commonwealth instituted the Tax Bonus for Working Australians Act (No 2) 2009 (Cth) ("the Bonus Act") giving certain citizens a reward (Grant et al, 2010) . Australian residents who had an assessable salary of under $100,000 for the 2007-8 wage year were qualified for an installment of up to $900. The offended party, a man qualified for a reward installment, tested the established legitimacy of the enactment. Segment 81 of the Australian Constitution gives all earnings or money raised or got by the Executive Government of the Commonwealth ought to shape one Consolidated Revenue Fund, to be appropriated for the inspirations driving the Commonwealth in the way and subject to the charges and liabilities constrained by this Constitution. Prior to Pape, there had been not very many cases on Commonwealth assignments and, tragically, those choices had not created clear standards (Williams, 2015). While it has been clear as far back as the Pharmaceutical Benefits Case (Attorney-General (Victoria); Dale v Commonwealth (1945) 71 CLR 237) that section 81 is not a wide wellspring of administrative influence, the potential degree for utilizing section 81 to approve appointments for Commonwealth spending programs has been the subject of contrasting perspectives. On one view (regularly alluded to as the expansive view) of the allocations influence, it was felt that Parliament alone could figure out what a "motivation behind the Commonwealth" was. When Parliament made that assurance, then the allotment, and the spending of the appropriated cash, couldn't be tested. On another view (frequently alluded to as the slender view), to be substantial, an apportionment must be for a reason that could be found inside the Constitution itself (Anderson et al, 2010). That reason may be found by reference to the heads of administrative, official or legal influence and, on most records, incorporated the influence, regardless of whether authoritative or official, that gets from the foundation of the Commonwealth as a "country". On both the wide and tight perspectives, the allocation had outcomes for the spending of the cash: if an assignment was substantial, then the spending was therefore approved. On a third view, most obviously set out by Justice Mason in the AAP Case (Victoria v Commonwealth (1975) 134 CLR 338), the assignment and installment out of the united income reserve was to be recognized from the spending of the appropriated cash by the official government. On this view, an allotment could be for any reason that Parliament chose. Moreover, if the apportionment included just the installment of cash to a third individual outside the Commonwealth government, then the appointment would approve that installment. Nonetheless, if the utilization of the appropriated cash included move to be made by Commonwealth officers and offices, then free expert for the making of that move must be built up. On a fourth view, proposed by Justices Jacobs and Stephen in the AAP Case, allocations couldn't be tested in light of the fact that they were inside matters amongst Parliament and the official (Appleby McDonald, 2011). As Justice Jacobs stated, an allotment is close to a "reserving" of cash. High Courts Decision in the Case Against this mix of views, the High Court considered the challenge in Pape.In four separate judgments (Chief Justice French; Justices Gummow, Crennan and Bell; Justices Hayne and Kiefel; Justice Heydon), the Court held that section 81 of the Constitution only provides parliamentary authority for the appropriation of money to the executive: it is not a spending power. In this respect, the Court referred with approval to the views of Justices Jacobs and Stephen inAAP. Consequently, section 81 could not provide support for the provisions of the Bonus Act creating an entitlement to the payment of the bonus - it could only support the appropriation of the money for that purpose (McLeod, 2010). Like Justice Mason in AAP, the majority differentiated between the appropriation and the spending of the money. However, Justice Mason seemed to have accepted that appropriated money could be paid to third persons without any further power required. The Court in Pape has rejected that view. The only executive involvement in the bonus scheme was the payment of the appropriated money to those entitled to a bonus payment. However, section 81 was insufficient to support the creation of the entitlement and the payment of the bonuses. The power had to be found from another place. At this point the Court divided 4 to 3, with a majority of judges (Chief Justice French; Justices Gummow, Crennan and Bell) holding that the executive power in section 61, along with the express incidental power in section 51, provided sufficient support for the provisions of the Bonus Act. For the majority, the executive power in section 61 was wide enough to take action peculiarly adapted to the government of a nation. On the facts, it extended to short-term fiscal measures to address economic conditions affecting the nation as a whole: this was a national financial crisis and only the Commonwealth had the resources to respond promptly. The express incidental power authorised the supporting legislation that created the entitlement to the bonus and authorised its payment (Johnston, 2011). The dissenting judges (Justices Hayne and Kiefel; Justice Heydon) were not convinced that a national economic emergency was sufficient to trigger the executive power in section 61. Although that power could extend to putting down subversive activities and endeavours, it could not cover the general topic of the national economy. Nor in their view could they understand that spending could be supported by the external affairs power (section 51(xxix)), the trade and commerce power (section 51(i)), or the taxation power (section 51(ii)) (Barbara Scott, 2010). Lessons Learnt from Pape for Government Agencies and Departments Pape is a suggestion to government divisions and organizations to contemplate their spending programs. Programs can't be planned on the supposition that segment 81 will approve the spending of cash on whatever exercises or targets the administration likes. A legitimate appointment won't approve the spending of cash - whether that spending includes exercises with respect to Commonwealth officers or offices or basically includes an installment to outsiders (Anthony, 2011). For some Commonwealth officers and offices, Pape won't have a lot of an effect. For others, judicious strides ought to be taken when planning spending projects to guarantee that Commonwealth spending does not surpass the cutoff points set out in the choice. References Kerr, D. (January 01, 2009). Pape v Commissioner of Taxation: Fresh Fields for Federalism?.Law and Justice Journal,9,2, 311-323. Grant, B., Dollery, B. (January 01, 2010). Constitutionalism, Federalism and Reform?: Pape V Commissioner of Taxation and Anor - a Conversation with Bryan Pape.Public Policy,5,1, 53-63. Appleby, G., McDonald, S. (January 01, 2011). The Ramifications of Pape v Federal Commissioner of Taxation for the Spending Power and Legislative Powers of the Commonwealth.Monash University Law Review,37,2, 162-189. Thomas, D. (September 06, 2009). Commonwealth Power and the Fiscal Stimulus.Bar News: the Journal of the Nsw Bar Association,28-29. Gordon, E. A., Bischof, J., Daske, H., Munter, P., Saka, C., Smith, K. J., Venter, E. R. (February 01, 2015). The IASB's Discussion Paper on the Conceptual Framework for Financial Reporting: A Commentary and Research Review.Journal of International Financial Management Accounting,26,1, 72-110. Lynch, A. (December 01, 2011). Commonwealth financial powers - taxation, direct spending and grants - scope and limitations.Public Policy,6,23-32. Beunen, R., Duineveld, M. (January 01, 2010). Divergence and Convergence in Policy Meanings of European Environmental Policies: The Case of the Birds and Habitats Directives.International Planning Studies,15,4, 321-333. Lehtonen, M., Ruhanen, A., Michahelles, F., Fleisch, E., 2009 IEEE International Conference on RFID (IEEE RFID 2009). (April 01, 2009). Serialized TID numbers - A headache or a blessing for RFID crackers?. 233-240. Grant, Bligh, Dollery, Brian. (2010).Constitutionalism, federalism and reform? Pape v Commissioner of Taxation Anor: a conversation with Bryan Pape. 53-63.) Curtin University of Technology, John Curtin Institute of Public Policy. Williams, G. (July 01, 2015). Bryan Pape and his legacy to the law.University of Queensland Law Journal, The,34,1.) Anderson, G., Brady, M., Guthrie, R., Meredith, F., Purse, K., Grant, B., Dollery, B. (2010).Public policy. Perth, W.A: John Curtin Institute of Public Policy, Curtin University of Technology. McLeod, A. (January 01, 2010). The Executive and Financial Powers of the Commonwealth: Pape v Commissioner of Taxation.The Sydney Law Review,32,1, 123-140. Johnston, Peter. (2011).Pape's Case: What Does It Say About Standing As An Attribute of Access To Justice?. ePublications@bond. Appleby, G., McDonald, S. (January 01, 2011). The ramifications of pape v federal commissioner of taxation for the spending power and legislative powers of the commonwealth.Monash University Law Review,37,2, 162-189. Anthony, G. (March 01, 2011). Federal Spending Power in Three Federations: Australia, Canada and the United States.Common Law World Review,40,1, 13-39. Barbara, A. H., Scott, G. (October 01, 2010). Federalism and Tax Bonuses: Reflections in the Australian Context.Common Law World Review,39,4, 379-418.

How are the main characters in Ethan Frome trapped and confined by circumstances Essay Example

How are the main characters in Ethan Frome trapped and confined by circumstances Paper Ethan Frome is a novel about the tragedy of three lives trapped together by circumstances. They live in an isolated town called Starkfield. The word Starkfield means harsh, severe and barren. The people who live there lack communication with one another. They live in the mountainous area, which becomes cut off by snow in winter. The sluggish pulse of Starkfield The word sluggish indicates the slow pace of life. The winter is the dullest season for the community of Starkfield. Hardly any trees can be seen in this season, because its all snowed under. The boughs of trees bent inward from the burden of snow, sheds are sagged under their white load. White load is a metaphor for the word snow. The burden of snow is causing the sheds to sag. Ethan Frome is the main character of the novel. The story about his life is both sad and compelling. His story starts from the time when Ethan is a man of age not more than fifty two and lives in the bleak house of his parents. to see in the diminished dwelling the image of his own shrunken body The house reflects on Ethans shrunken body. It also reflects negatively on Ethans life. We will write a custom essay sample on How are the main characters in Ethan Frome trapped and confined by circumstances specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on How are the main characters in Ethan Frome trapped and confined by circumstances specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on How are the main characters in Ethan Frome trapped and confined by circumstances specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Ethan bore all misfortunes held within it, lost his parents and still couldnt improve his situation. The house shows total starvation of love and happiness. Ethan seems a part of the mute and melancholy landscape of the place he lives in. Although Ethan isnt more than fifty two, he looks older. The lameness and the look he has, make him the most striking figure in Starkfield. There was something bleak and unapproachable in his face. In this quotation the Narrator introduces Ethan Frome to the reader. He is described as ruin of a man. His face is bleak and unapproachable as if he has no life sap in his veins. The story of his life would affect anyone who could hear about it. . misfortunes brought premature end to Ethans studies. The word misfortunes indicates a change of luck from something quite positive (his study) to a life of sacrifice looking after his parents. As any young man, Ethan was looking forward to finishing his studies. After his parents fell ill, the future he planned came to a halt. Bad luck was hunting him down until there was nothing left except fear and sorrow. He feels emotionally isolated. There is nothing positive in his life and his life is being lived in the pure and frosty darkness in which he stood. The sudden death of his parents followed by an unhappy marriage trapped Ethan. He no more could experience happiness in his life and his situation became increasingly worse. The mood of Ethan Frome is very low and depressed. The writer shows this by constant reference to darkness and frozen landscape. Filled with unfulfilled dreams and lack of motivation he doesnt resist. However, Ethans inner needs and interests are still the same as before his misfortunes. Such tastes and acquirements in a man of his condition made the contrast more poignant between his outer situation and his inner needs. There is a contrast between the world surrounding him and the interests that he has. Ethan is compelled to accept the particular way of life, and forgets about his urge to get knowledge. Ethans life changes after the death of his parents. The death of his parents restricts his choices. After the death of his mother, Ethan couldnt bear to stay in the house alone. Thats why he decided to marry Zeena. He was to regret his decision for the rest of his life. Zeena entered the house as a young lady full of life and love. However, after she was looking after Ethans mother, Zeena was acquiring the symptoms of a sick person. Hardly Ethan had enjoyed their married life, she too fell silent. Zeena was becoming worse and worse every day. Long intervals of silence made her voice turn to a whine. Her face was drone and pale, the taciturnity filling her. Their married life was failing. Zeena expected to live in town and be a wife of a wealthy man. Unfortunately, their plan to sell the farm failed and they couldnt afford to move from that depressing place. Instead of encouraging Ethan Zeena manipulates him with her disease. Eventually, their house became a cold and dark prison. the fire is out long ago. This quotation is a metaphor for the Fromes marriage. There is no spark of love between Ethan and Zeena. Their love died long time ago. They dont have any feelings for each other and they lack communication. The death of loved ones left empty space in Ethans heart until the arrival of Mattie into his life. He had taken to the girl from the first day. The moment when his heart starts beating with a new rhythm Ethan finds it difficult to express his feelings. The wave of shyness pulled him back. I think Ethans inability to express himself is a cause of frustration and limits his possibilities of the relationship. He cant make crucial decisions and that also leads to his unhappiness. Ethan lives in the world of fantasy. He loves Mattie deeply and dreams of growing old by her side and lying next to her when he dies. Well always go on living here together, and some day shell lie here beside me. I think Ethans flaw is that he is too passive. He only fantasies but cannot fight for what he wants. At the turn of the 20th century in America people left their homes in towns and districts in search of a better life in cities. Starkfield was one of the abandoned towns. Small farmers like Ethan, became impoverished. Ethan is helpless in his situation. He shows anguish and frustration as Zeena spends the little money he earns. Youre a poor mans wife, Zeena. Despite their budget she continues to spend money on useless things, she never learns how to use as if to defy Ethan. Poverty is the main reason why the main characters are trapped. That is also a reason why Ethan cannot run away with Mattie, although he longs to be with her. However, he understands his economic situation. The inexorable facts closed in on him like prison warders handcuffing a convict. There was no way out-none. He was a prisoner for life, and now his one ray of life was to be extinguished. The facts of his poverty are compared to prison warders, and Ethan a convict being handcuffed. Edith Wharton uses a metaphor ray of light to compare Mattie to something positive and hopeful in Ethans life. He is a prisoner for life and this ray of light is under a threat to be extinguished. Ethan also feels ashamed to ask Ned Hale for money as he is a man of pride and dignity. When Hale refuses, Ethan cannot admit that he is broke and his pride makes the matters even worse. Even though Ethan has a tough life, he is an honest man. Ethan couldnt take an advantage of Mrs Hale and obtain and advance payment of money for his planned flight with Mattie, notwithstanding how he longed to be with her. All the characters of the novel want better life. Ethan wanted to finish the college and had dreams of becoming an engineer in a large city. All his dreams were unrealised due to his parents death and the opportunity to leave Starkfield minified. Also the image of graveyard was haunting Ethan. For years the quiet company mocked his restlessness, his desire for change and freedom. We never got away how should you? Every time Ethan was passing the graveyard the desire for a better life was gradually distinguishing. The headstones left emptiness in him for the entire life. It reminded him that one day he will join this quiet company. Mattie too was trapped. Her parents left her in destitute. They owed money and she was the one to repay. Poverty-stricken Mattie was obliged to work for the Fromes for nothing. Her situation leaves her in anguish and prison confinement. Whered I go, if I did? Mattie has nowhere to go due to circumstances. She continues to work in the Fromes house and lives in the dark prison, where everything is under Zeenas rules. Zeena as an other character in Edith Whartons novel who is confined. Zeena was looking forward to moving from isolated Starkfield and live in a large city. Zeena always wanted people to think of her as a wife of a wealthy man. she had let her husband see from the first that life on an isolated farm was not what she expected The reader can see that Zeena had high expectations for a better life. After their plans to sell the farm were not realised, she became silent and ill, trapped in poverty-stricken marriage. Sense of duty follows Ethan through his sorrowful life. He would like to divorce Zeena since their marriage is more out of duty rather than love. However, at that time there were some constrains put by the society. In rural communities like Starkfield divorce was taboo. Must he wear out all his years at the side of a bitter querulous woman? In this quotation Ethan expresses his anger and shame as he thinks about his life at the side of Zeena. The words bitter and querulous are negative and they portray Zeena as an unpleasant woman. Zeena is barring every way in Ethans life. Their life is senseless and dull. Zeena manipulates Et han and spends his money. Ethan feels obliged to her because she was the one who nursed his mother when she was dying and it was his little repayment to her as he thought. Ethan has a strong sense of duty towards Zeena. He understands that she will not be able to survive on the isolated farm without his support. Although Ethan desperately wants to leave Zeena for Mattie he does not. He saw his life before him as it was. He was a poor man, the husband of a sickly woman, whom his desertion would leave alone and destitute. Ethan realises his situation in life. He cant leave Zeena in destitute. Ethan understands that without him she will not be able to survive due to her failed health. Zeena is the most mysterious character in the novel. She is silent and very rigid. Obviously nobody knows Zeenas thoughts. In the end Zeenas personality changes. Perhaps she feels guilty about the smash-up and thats the reason she looks after Mattie and Ethan. Zeena has no time to communicate and her thoughts are the secret ones. Nobody has the access to her tortured soul. The most ironic part is when twenty years later youthful Mattie turns to be into what once Zeena was. Her bright personality faded as flowers out of water. What used to be a laugh turned into querulous drone. The querulous drone ceased as I entered Fromes house kitchen, and of the two women sitting there I could not tell which had been the speaker. The Narrator describes the atmosphere in the Fromes house twenty years later. As he enters the house querulous drone ceased. However, the Narrator cannot identify who it was. Further we know how Mattie changes over the years. She became the perfect replication of Zeena in past. There wasnt sings of life in Mattie. Shes suffered too much shes soured. Once full of life and happiness Mattie soured . She is shrunken and her querulous look makes her look even older than Zeena. The failed relationships compelled big impact on her bright personality. Mattie even acquired the drone whine of Zeena. Now she posses the armchair once belonged to sick Zeena. The life of the characters seems to be meaningless. Nothing can change their life situations, they are trapped. Their world is filled with misery, poverty and anguish. The three main characters: Zeena, Mattie and Ethan are living the end of their lives. Three of them are trapped together and the grotesque looks on their faces are similar in some ways. Their souls are soured and diminished and only the endurance still keeps them alive. It is as if they are being tortured in the silent darkness. All the characters suffer in some way but Ethan suffers more than the others. Youve had an awful mean time, Ethan Frome. Through all his years Ethan was never accompanied by anyone to help him cope with his misery. He was all alone. All his emotions were stuck in his heart making him look old and unapproachable. He was sagging under the weight of sorrow and no one rescued him. Edith Whartons novel Ethan Frome is a powerful and descriptive novel. Edith Wharton uses negative descriptions of the bleak environment in which animals have to force through the snow to breathe and people like Ethan must struggle in order to survive. She uses many images of death when she describes the places. She describes a dead cucumber vine hanging from a porch representing a steamer to the door of a house that smells of death. The story is rich in metaphors and comparisons. Zeenas use of metaphor of fire The fires out long ago, describes their loveless marriage and lack of warmth in the house. Ethan is haunted by the image of the Fromes gravestones and his desire for change and freedom has never come true. They always remind Ethan that his life will end at the farm and he will join his relatives in the family graveyard. Ethan fears about the future are well-expressed in the metaphor a vague dread had hung on his skyline. Ethan and Matties fragile relationships are shown in the quotation and gathering up the bits of broken glass she went out of the room as if carrying a dead body.. There is no happy ending for any characters of the novella, Mrs. Hale suggests that poor Ethan suffers the most. Ethans faced break your heart When I see that, I think its him that suffers the most. His youth was followed by misfortunes and his entire situation is twice the worst it was before Matties arrival. His bleak image dissolves into pure darkness of his misfortunes. Ethan experiences desertion of life and is destitute of love. He is eaten away by the tragedy of his life and only the Fromes graveyard will unburden the prison warders handcuffing his hands. At the end of the novel Mrs Hale makes a comparison between the Fromes in the farm and the Fromes in the graveyard and finds no difference between them except that women are quiet and hold their tongues. he way they are now, I dont see theres much difference between the Fromes up at the farm and the Fromes down in the graveyard; cept that down there theyre all quiet, and the women have to hold their tongues. This suggests strongly that though the three characters might be physically alive, in the quality of their life they are very much like the dead. The characters in Ethan Frome are stuck in poverty, live in an isola ted town without much communication. It appears that the writer describes how Ethan, Mattie and Zeena are caught in a situation of paralysis from which they cannot escape.

Freedom and the role of civilization

Freedom and the role of civilization Introduction The concept of freedom represents a kind of a notion that bears similarity to different philosophers’ opinions about an important object that grants people happiness, wealth, and longevity. In its different interpretations, freedom has the characteristics that depict it as an ultimate goal of all investigations that scientists and philosophers would like to perform.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Freedom and the role of civilization specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More In order to comprehend the concept of freedom from the sociological perspective, it becomes very important to resort to the highly authoritative points of view such as Marx and Freud’s. These two great writers, philosophers, and sociologists attempted to describe the idea of freedom and its importance to society people live in. For instance, Freud admits that people get used to socialize themselves by means of their determining factors’ recognition and investigations of the ideas which motivate people and make them take certain steps in this life. This is why his ideas and works have a close connection to freedom by means of knowledge that people may gain within some period of time and the emotional challenges that may become as serious obstacles to the way of cognition. As for Marx and Engels’ interpretation of freedom, they believe that freedom lies in the relations between people and the ways of how these people behave in society. In other words, Freud’s isolation and Marx’s communication represent the two different sides of one particular issue, freedom. The achievements demonstrated by Marx and Freud play a significant role in the field of sociology and philosophy indeed; Marx believed in the power of labor and recognized the individual as an integral part of society and Freud, in his turn, tried to prove that people should pay attention to their behavior and thoughts by me ans of knowledge; such different approaches for the concept of freedom may serve as a powerful opportunity that promotes recognition of how people care about freedom and how society accept this freedom. Discussion Basics about freedom and the impact of civilization. The vast majority of people still believe that they have freedom in all aspects of their lives and have the right to choose what to do, wear, say, write, etc. According to the general assumptions and believes, each individual has freedom from his/her birth in case this individual does not break the norms and rules sets. However, certain limitations already appear when we mention the existence of rules and norms. These rules and norms bind human freedom in some way so that people cannot even guess that dependence on their own ideas exists. To comprehend the essence of freedom, many philosophers and writers developed their ideas, share their suggestions, and analyze what could make a person free and, at the same time, sati sfy the demands of society and civilization itself.Advertising Looking for essay on philosophy? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The ideas of Karl Marx and Sigmund Freud provide people with an opportunity to evaluate the concept of freedom and its power in regards to the conditions people live under. Both Marx and Freud’s works deserve certain attention and recognition because their opposite arguments help to create one general picture of how freedom influences human live and interferes the relations between the individual and society. The famous psychoanalysis by Sigmund Freud and not less famous political economy by Karl Marx create powerful and clear grounds for people to continue developing the idea of freedom and the relations which happen between a person and society he/she lives in. â€Å"The urge for freedom, therefore, is directed against particular forms and demands of civilization or against civiliz ation altogether† (Freud 41). This idea shows how Freud defines freedom in terms of the conditions given: he does believe that freedom depends on society and the process of civilization; however, he does not want to believe that civilization can influence human freedom and individuality. He demonstrates the respect to personal knowledge and human abilities to study and grasp the essence, and what he tries to do is to help people comprehend the necessity to become more powerful and freer. Marx, in his turn, underlines that â€Å"the worker is related to the product of his labour as to an alien object† (Marx and Engels 72) so that he unites the idea of freedom and labor into one whole that people cannot divide. Freud about freedom and the role of civilization. Sigmund Freud introduced one of the most powerful and captivating ways of how people could improve their lives and get a clear picture of what they would like to get and could get. His achievements in psychology and the concept of psychoanalysis deserve attention because of several reasons: (1) it helps to change the way people get used to think; (2) it promotes the improvement in language and culture people prefer to use and rely one; and finally, (3) it focuses on all those unconscious drives which influence human activities and demands. To clear up what Freud implied under the concept of freedom and its impact on society, many people try to make use of his Civilization and Its Discontents. This book appeared at the beginning of the 20th century. In this work, Freud describes the peculiarities of those tensions that existed between civilization and the individual.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Freedom and the role of civilization specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More One of the first tension, Freud introduced, implied the fact that people strove for freedom all the time (they want to become free and take the actions in accordan ce with their interests and demands) and civilization had a need of conformity and the line of constant repressions. Even if Freud found enough powerful reasons of why civilization developed restrictions and promoted obedience, he could agree with the fact that people needed to follow rules and be limited in actions. For example, Freud uses the idea of freedom as something pure and constant: people can do what they want and when they want. However, civilization makes it possible to create some rules and norms according to which people have to use their freedom and choices. Freedom of thoughts and actions undergo considerable restrictions such as cruel punishment in case one person takes the life of another person, in other words, murder and possible outcomes. According to Freud, people cannot even imagine how the dependence on some outside factors develops: â€Å"there is nothing of which we are more certain than the feeling of our self, of our own ego. This ego appears to us as so mething autonomous and unitary, marked off distinctly from everything else† (Freud 12). Personal ego creates the feeling that maintains certain and sharp lines of human inherent demarcation. As a rule, the process of sublimation promotes human blindness as for personal dependence on norms set. In general, Freud defines the individual as an anti-social being, and society (civilization) has to domesticate this being in order to achieve certain satisfaction, pleasure, and understanding on the biological level at first. â€Å"It is impossible to overlook the extent to which civilization is built up upon a renunciation of instinct†¦ It is not easy to understand how it can become possible to deprive an instinct of satisfaction† (Freud 42-43). The use of drives makes it possible for the individual to grasp the basics of civilized behavior by means of sublimation and all those suppressed drives that become striving for this person. So, as a result of this suppression, the relations between the individual and society change: even if the person thinks he/she rests the same with the same demands which society has already imposed, his natural (biological) drives become social (suppressed) ones. Marx and Engels about restrictions placed by civilization. The ideas Marx and Engels presented in their work Capital also played an important role in understanding of the concept of freedom and its relation to the individual and society. In comparison to Freud, Marx believed that freedom should take place in society when people began communicating and achieving some common goals together. In the third chapter, the authors properly underline its essence that â€Å"actually begins only where labour which is determined by necessity and mundane considerations ceases; thus in the very nature of things it lies beyond the sphere of actual material production† (Marx and Engels 441). They formulated this concept at the end of the 19th century, when the vast majority of people could imagine another world except the one they lived in.Advertising Looking for essay on philosophy? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Marx wanted to explain that people should not accept the idea of freedom as some kind of general notion that had no boundaries and restrictions. He conceived that freedom has several degrees because none moral (ethical) perspectives become crucial but political economy that requires particular levels, grades, and stages. Only a socialized person can have freedom together with numerous associated producers that have to regulate and control all interchanges by Nature but not vice versa. It appears that Marx and Engels supported the idea of civilization and its impact on human freedoms and actions: people cannot take a step in case it contradicts some initial instructions that civilization tries to implement. In the chapter IV of Capital, Marx introduces the idea of surplus value that also helps to define the true essence of human freedom and liberty. On the one hand, the idea to compare human freedoms with trade and political economy seems rather absurd and unclear. However, on the ot her hand, such spheres as politics and economics may also help to gain deep understanding of the concept of freedom and realize that even trade relations between people deprive them of the opportunity independently make decisions and live in accordance with personal demands. In the chapter VI of Capital, Marx continues developing the idea of surplus value and explains that freedom influences the development of buyer-seller relations and promotes activities by means of their free will. Marx’s attention to the real of necessity and real of freedom plays an important role when people start analyzing the world of economics to the world of personal freedoms and demands. People cannot always follow their dreams without breaking some rules civilization establishes. Because of such inability to combine personal freedoms and duties, Marx suggests people should pay more attention to the real of necessity in order to decrease time and human energy and to increase the level of human acti vities that people prefer to end independently. At the end of his investigations and analysis, Marx agrees that civilization has an impact on liberty, and the relations between the individual and society have to undergo some changes because economical influence remains considerable whatever conditions exist. Evaluation of Freud and Marx’s opinions. When people start thinking about the semi free society they expect to live in, the vast majority of them cannot comprehend why Marx chooses such a negative position and deprive people of the opportunity to become free and overcome challenges society creates. In comparison to Marx, Freud suggests accepting freedom as an illusion so that people do not have responsibility for anything. Some unknown forces such as ID ego, super ego, and alter ego have a control over human powers and demands, and people cannot gain control over them. When these two philosophers faced the idea of freedom and civilization, they had to take into account th e idea of disintegration or determination on both psychological and economical level. One of them says â€Å"Man (the worker) no longer feels himself to be freely active in any but his animal functions – eating, drinking, procreating, or at most in his dwelling and in dressing-up, etc; and in his human functions he no longer feels himself to be anything but an animal.† (Marx and Engels 74) Such attitude to people and their role in society appears abusive for many people who cannot accept the idea that their animal instincts have to perform the leading role, and their human demands and interests cannot influence their actions and thoughts. From his words, the idea of liberty becomes not only an illusion for people but also the determination of the belonging to animals those people truly believe to handle. In response to Marx’s definite cognition of human freedom and place, Freud exclaims that â€Å"The liberty of the individual is no gift of civilization. It was greatest before there was any civilization, though then, it is true, it had for the most part no value, since the individual was scarcely in a position to defend it.† (Freud 49) Within a short period, it becomes difficult to realize why such different attitudes to freedom and human dependence on civilization interest people in the same sphere. Marx’s approach deprives people of any opportunity to believe in personal dignity and the possibility to get freedom, and Freud admits that only gained deep knowledge may show the way to independence and freedom. The idea to make freedom available seems distant and even incomprehensible, and people have to pass a number of stages to prove their right to get freedom and make use of their independence gained. Conclusion In general, the evaluation of the concept of freedom plays a crucial role in the life of every person. The works of Freud and Marx help to comprehend that among the variety of attitudes to freedom and the individual role in civilization, people have to demonstrate their strong will and desire to achieve liberty by various means. Thought some problems and challenges appear on people’s way to cognition of this concept, people should lose hope to gain proper knowledge of this idea. Freud’s ideas of freedom influence some psychological aspects of life and explain that people do not have freedom due to alter and super egos. Marx denies all kind of freedom because his ideas prove that the individual and civilization come together, and civilization has already created a number of rules and limitations. In spite of differences of these two philosophers’ opinions, it becomes easier to define the essence of freedom in human life and the ideas of how this freedom influences human perception of their role in this world. Marx, Karl, and Friedrich Engles. The Marx-Engels Reader . Ed. Robert Tucker. Second Edition ed. Vol. 1. New York: W.W. Norton Company, Inc., 1978. Sigmund Freud. Ci vilizations and Its Discontents. Ed. Peter Gay and James Strachey. Standard Edition ed. Vol. 1. New York: W.W. Norton Company, Inc., 1961.

How to Write Your First Screenplay

How to Write Your First Screenplay How to Write Your First Screenplay How to Write Your First Screenplay By Ali Hale Have you ever daydreamed about writing for the big screen? I know I have! Writing a screenplay that gets picked up by Hollywood could see your story reach millions of people – whereas even bestselling novels often only sell in the tens of thousands. Writing a screenplay is very different from writing a short story or a novel, though. There are some specific conventions that you need to know about, in terms of the structure of your story itself, and in terms of how you lay it out on the page. I’m not going to attempt to give you an exhaustive guide in a single blog post – but I’ll take you through all the basics, and give you plenty of links to further reading so you can dig deeper on particular areas of screenwriting that interest you. What’s the Difference Between a Screenplay and a Script? Scripts for plays are laid out slightly differently. They’re designed to be performed live, rather than pre-recorded and shown on a screen. They’ll include stage directions (like â€Å"Exit, stage left† – or Shakespeare’s famous, â€Å"Exit, pursued by a bear†). Screenplays are scripts for something that will be filmed and later â€Å"screened† – shown in the cinema or on TV. They’ll often include instructions for specific shots – e.g. â€Å"CLOSE UP†. Assuming that you’re writing for film, they’ll also have specific length requirements. Coming Up With an Idea for a Screenplay Just as with any type of fiction you write, having a strong idea is essential. Your screenplay should be able to be summed up in a â€Å"logline† – a one-sentence summary of the plot. This logline should include: The protagonist (hero) – e.g. A suburban mother of two. Their goal – e.g. must save her husband The antagonist (villain) or antagonistic force – from a deranged and deadly neighbour. As James Burbridge says, in a great post about constructing a logline: If you can’t write a decent logline of your idea  before  embarking on the script, then maybe reconsider writing that thing. If it’s unfocused and muddled at the loglines stage, it’s not going to get any better as you write. If you’re short of ideas, you might look for inspiration from: Art or music – could something you’ve seen or heard spark off your story? Something you wrote in the past – perhaps you didn’t have enough material for a novel but it would make a great screenplay. A classic story – there have been many, many films based on fairy tales (Disney has probably cornered the market in these!) and Shakespeare. Your idea needs to be something that will take about 100 – 120 minutes to play out on screen. A minute on the screen equates to about one page of script so that means that your screenplay should be between 100 and 120 pages (when laid out with proper formatting, which we’ll come onto in a moment). Planning and Structuring Your Screenplay All writing has structure, and if you’ve written so much as a short story, you’ll know how important it is to have a beginning, middle and end. Screenplays have a more detailed structure, though. You might think this is restrictive – but there’s a lot you can do within this structure, and it’ll help you shape your ideas so your story doesn’t drag. The standard screenplay structure looks like this: Act I – roughly the first 25% of your screenplay. (20 – 30 minutes on the screen.) This is often called the â€Å"setup† – it’s where you introduce your characters and their world and get the story started. Act II – the middle 50% of your screenplay. (Up to an hour on the screen.) This is often called the â€Å"confrontation† – it’s where you complicate the story and the tension rises. Act III – the final 25% of your screenplay. (A final 20 – 30 minutes.) This is often called the â€Å"resolution† – it’s where there’s a confrontation between the protagonist and antagonist (or antagonistic force) and – normally – the protagonist prevails. Within these acts, there are particular points that you’re expected to hit at specific stages: The first turning point: this comes towards the end of Act I, and it changes things. It’s where the protagonist discovers something, or does something, that means nothing will ever be the same. This is what really kicks off the story. For instance, in the story a suburban mother of two must save her husband from a deranged and deadly neighbour, the first turning point might be the neighbour threatening or even attacking the husband. The second turning point: this comes towards the end of the second act. It raises the stakes and moves the story into the third act. For instance, this second turning point might have the neighbour kidnapping one of the children: the mother needs to rescue her child and protect her husband. There are plenty of other â€Å"points† that screenwriters are advised to meet, though you’ll probably find there’s some debate about what exactly these are! There’s a good breakdown of the five-point structure here, which you might want to follow. Laying Out Your Screenplay on the Page Screenplays require a very specific format, which is different from scripts written to be performed on stage. (For instance, these scripts will have character names on the left, with a colon after them, and screenplays have character names centred, with no colon.) For your screenplay, you should use the font Courier New, size 12. Why? Because that way, all scripts fit the same number of lines on a page – making it easy to estimate their run-time from the page count. (Courier is a fixed-width font, so each letter takes up the same amount of space.) Here’s how the first few lines of a script might look: Ive annotated it with some notes about the way in which its laid out. The easiest way to make sure you’re formatting your screenplay correctly is to use specialised software: Final Draft is the industry standard, used by the majority of professional screenwriters but it’s pricy ($249.99). Scrivener can be used to format screenplays (as well as novel manuscripts) – it’s not as specialised as Final Draft, but it’s a lot cheaper ($45). Each of these offer a free trial, so you can give them a try before deciding whether or not to purchase them. Writing a screenplay is no small undertaking – and we’ve only covered the basics of what you need to know. If you want to go further with your screenwriting journey, check out some of these great resources: How to Write a Screenplay, WikiHow While I sometimes find WikiHow’s articles low-quality, this is a great in-depth piece that’s been expertly reviewed and carefully put together. If you want a step by step, very beginner-friendly introduction to writing a screenplay, give it a read! How to Write a Screenplay You Can Sell, Stephanie Palmer, Good in a Room This honest, practical article explains what you need to do to write a good screenplay – from choosing one genre to watching the same movie over and over again to get to grips with structure. If you’re serious about screenwriting, give it a read. How to Write a Screenplay: Script Writing Example Screenwriting Tips, Mario O. Moreno and Kay Tuxford, Writers Store This is a detailed, reassuring article about writing a screenplay, with lots of specific details on layout as well as some helpful tips on length and even on binding and presenting your script. How to Write Your Screenplay in 24 Hours – Advice from a Hollywood Screenwriter and Producer, Dr. Kenneth Atchity, TCKPublishing In this post, you’ll find two really useful resource: precise instructions on what should happen by different points in your screenplay (with page numbers, for a 115 page script), and a nifty way to chart the rising and falling intensity of different scenes in your screenplay. 10 Screenplay Structures That Screenwriters Can Use, Ken Miyamoto, Screencraft If you’d like to look at some different ways to tell a story, going beyond the three-act structure, this post is a great place to begin. Throughout the post, there are examples of each type of structure, with tips on what types of story each one will work best for. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Fiction Writing category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:7 Classes and Types of Phrases15 Types of DocumentsDouble Possessive

Aristotelian rhetorical analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Aristotelian rhetorical analysis - Essay Example Therefore, since political ads are always one sided; which implies that whoever the media favors gets the right posts, the paper will not take sides, but instead it will analyze the facts surrounding this ad. So, why would the president state the 2013 budget if he was aware of the effect it would have on his popularity? The ad appeals to the readers emotionally by including their needs and even considering their worries. This is how President Obamas 2013 budget of $ 1.5 trillion in tax increases would make it impossible to create job opportunities in Lowa. Further scrutiny reveals the use of the second person singular to make voters feel the desire not to vote in favor of Obama. Note, for ‘you, it would mean higher taxes, increased job losses and continued difficulties in the recovering economy. This move appeals strongly to those voters who are not critical, as they attempt to prevent their lives from becoming more complicated. At this point, let us be critical with the above ad. First, increases in taxes of $1.5 trillion are enormous and fitting in its purpose. This claim would call for research because it is obvious that whoever made the calculations might have included things that only affect a particular group of the society. The pressing question becomes, who will be hardest hit by the tax raises? The source of this information should be credible for the voters to consider the authenticity of the claim. Secondly, "tougher to create jobs in Lowa", is a claim that does not state who the victims are. The attack on Obama’s break of his promise and raising taxes should also not be made exceptional because every potential candidate makes promises, but it is not possible for them to oversee the future of the country’s social and economic status. Thirdly, the use of the second person singular (for you, it could mean higher taxes and more job loss), is always somewhat risky because it is difficult to prove that it applies to the

Interview of Health Care Leader Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Interview of Health Care Leader - Essay Example In healthcare institutions, for instance, leadership plays important roles at any management level. That is, effectiveness of healthcare providers depends on how leaders within the institutions perform their leadership roles. While assessing efficiency of a leader, Gunderman (2008) recommends that it is important to, first, understand true leadership qualities. This paper presents a report of an interview of a healthcare leader about leadership-related issues. The report is given using various subheadings. General Description of a Leader As noted by Mason et al. (2011), leadership styles adopted by various organizations vary from one organization to another. Ledlow & Coppola (2010), nevertheless, observe that certain traits are universally possessed by leaders in all organizations. One universal trait is ability to have a clear vision. A leader has a clear and vivid picture of where his/her firm is and where it is moving towards. That is, a leader not only has a firm grip on firmâ₠¬â„¢s success, but also focuses on implementing suitable ways of achieving a success. Good communication skills also, collectively, form a general description of a leader. In heath centers, all leaders invoke others to follow them through a clear language intertwined with passion. Self discipline and discipline towards others is also an important aspect of leadership. All healthcare leaders have discipline while solving various issues, either single-mindedly or with his/her colleague. Specific Leadership Qualities Integrity is one quality that leaders in health centers posses. Integrity, according to Finkelman (2006), entails matching inner values and outward actions. In other words, an individual of high integrity possess firm principles, which results to consistency in the inner or outer personalities. Dedication and commitment are also essential leadership qualities. A dedicated leader exhausts all available resource and sometimes takes risks just to accomplish a task. Magnanimit y, which requires leaders to give credit where it is due, is a leadership quality that improves morale of workers. However, while recognizing efforts of colleagues and junior workers, health institution leaders should be humble. A humble leader, as explained by Finkelman (2006), does not self-efface but tries to elevate all workers. Openness, as another quality, enables leaders to learn new ideas and methods of executing various roles. Openness and humility, therefore, makes leaders to be fair, which is another quality. Fairness, as a quality, compels leaders to humbly accept ideas, criticisms, and equally treat his/her colleagues. While giving others room to air out their views, leaders should be creative. Creativity enables leaders to think outside a box that hamper apt solutions. Other qualities include assertiveness, having a sense of humor, and being honest in all dealings. Personal Philosophy of Leadership Leadership is a quality that is best understood by supervisors, adminis trators, or generally, an overseer (Yoder-Wise, 2010). A leader, in any organization, leads a crowd to a right path where organizational goals are easily accomplished. While walking in this path, a leader acknowledges problems and finds suitable solutions. Finding suitable solutions involves discussions and sharing of ideas, especially with individuals with whom they share common goals. During discussion sessions, a leader organizes a large crowd into small groups and allocates them

Project Management Essay Example for Free

Project Management Essay Due to the rapid changes in the working world and the business environment, organizations have been forced to transform as a way of surviving in the ever-changing business environment. According to Gardiner (2005), most organizations Have adopted projects as their means of implementing change within the organization. The adoption of a project oriented a approach, with its associated management framework, is sufficient to ensure greater success in the implementation of change within an organization. While use of best practices in project management may not guarantee success in the change of an organization, the presence of projects increases the opportunity for success. Studies have shown that, where a project manager is well equipped with the skills and knowledge of project management, projects work as the best tools for implementing change within the organization. The Concept on Project Management Project management refers to the discipline managing, planning and organizing resources to achieve successful completion of specific project objectives and goals. A project is in nature a finite endeavor, that specifies the date as to when it should begin, and the time when it should end, this is done in order to create a unique service or product that brings about added value, or beneficial change in a company. The finite character of the project is different from operations or processes of an organization, some of which may be permanent or functional work, that are used to repeated operations, with the aim of producing similar goods or services. Management of the two systems is always complex and difficult. There is therefore need to employ distinct technical skills and adopt separate philosophy of management, that would enable the implementation of the best project that can bring beneficial returns to the company. messages. Application of Project Management in Organizational Change According to Gray Larson (2006), in the regime where implementation for change is the motto for most organizations, projects are the best vehicles for implementing change. The aspect of project management has in fact become more significant than ever. In any company that needs to change its organizational structure so as to change with the improving technology, or in order to meet the needs and wants of the consumers, projects are used as the vehicles for implementing the required change, and managing the related change. It is however important to possess the ability to sustain and build project management in order to succeed in the implementation of change. The importance of project management has been illustrated by the efforts of Swiss Re organization by using all its business operations to meet the requirements of e-business. Projects were used as the main vehicles for implementing this change. Great concern has however been expressed in the way most projects once began fail to deliver, or get stopped while they are underway. According to a research carried out by Levine (2005), most of the Information technology projects implemented were discouraging with 90% of the projects being late to deliver change in the organizations. It has been shown that, 50% of the projects are never completed at the right time, while 30% of the projects began are stopped while still underway. Project management allows the implementation of change in an organization in a more organized manner likely to realize success. The major challenge of any form of project management is to attain the objectives and goals put in place, while at the same time adhering to project constraints which are usually in the form of time factor, budget and scope. The more ambitious and secondary challenge is the optimization of integration and allocation of inputs that may be necessary to meet the goals and objectives. The success of a project management is associated with the nature the project itself. Projects involve most of the key players in an organization, both the managers and the workers at the lowest level. Projects also involve the entire organizational participation. For instance, it involves people, money, provisions, motivation, communication and space, in order to achieve the project objectives and goals. With the contribution of all these elements, an organization is able to identify and make use of the best resources as a means of attaining the best results. Gray Larson (2006), have emphasized that the managers can easily identify the talented workers and most potential factors in the organization, and allocate them where they can give a maximum contribution towards the achievement of the company. Management of a project is often the key responsibility and province of a specific individual project manager. The manager however does not participate directly, but instead strives to maintain progress and motivate other factors involved in the process, so as to achieve the objectives. The aim of the project manager also involves striving to achieve productive mutual interaction of the active parties, in a way that the entire risk of failure is reduced. Studies have shown that, where a project manager is well equipped with the skills and knowledge of project management, projects work as the best tool for implementing change within the organization. The project manager should be well equipped with the vision and mission of the organization, so as to direct the process of the project in the right direction, failure to which the project may fail to deliver, be late to achieve its goals, or get stopped while underway due to discouragements. The project manager represents the interests of clients and has to implement, as well as determine the specific needs and requirements of the clients, based on the understanding of the organization they are representing. Gray Larson (2006), have expressed that the capability to adopt the available internal systems of the contracting organization, and to establish close links among the nominated representatives, is an important step to ensure that the major issues of quality, time, and cost among others are attained with the main aim of client satisfaction. A successful and focused manager should be in a position to envision the whole project from the beginning to the end, and should have the skills and ability to ensure that the vision is realized in order to achieve successful change within an organization. In order to attain successful change by use of a project, there is need for the project manager to consider the three key factors that include human resources, time and finance. If an organization is in need of achieving change in the shortest time possible, there is need to employ more people and resources towards the problem. Though this may increase the cost of the project, it may be the best way of achieving an organizational change in the shortest time possible. Doing the task quicker in fact helps to reduce the cost of the project, the organization may end up spending the same amount it may have spent if it was to carry the same project in a prolonged period. Researchers have established that, there is no single way of implementing a project within an organization due to the fact that each each enterprise is unique, has different characteristics, and different financial capability. It is therefore important for the project managers to consider the features that are appropriate and important within any organization. Consideration of the important factors guide the project managers to come up with appropriate and accurate projects that can easily realize the vision of a specific organization. Cultural Factors Considered in the Implementation of project Management According to Dye Pennypacker (1999), some of the important cultural organizational factors considered while implementing a project include the history of the previous enterprise implementations, record of failures or success of the company is looked into, as this provides an insight into what should be done to achieve success in the project. A consideration is also done on the types of operational work and projects to be managed, organizations that are able to clearly prioritize and identify their projects end up with rigorous features of a project from the initial stages to the end, unlike organizations that do not identify and prioritize their projects at the first stages of implementation. The number of departments involved within the organization are also considered. This directs the planners to consider if the project is meant to satisfy a small number of users, or whether the project should expand in the process, if other departments will be incorporate as time goes by, or whether all the departments will be involved from the begging, thus requiring the project to satisfy a large number of users from the on-set stage. The expectation and support of the senior leadership is considered as a very important factor, because their involvement drive acceptance, and appropriate expectation. This is important for the success and realization of the changes expected within the organization. The value to the end user and management is absolutely important to ensure that the change implemented through the use of the project satisfy the needs and expectations of all parties involved in the process. According to Levine (2005), organizations also consider the maturity of the desired project management discipline. The 2007 project server is often used as it contains important features for managing projects. Where an organization is considering the application of project management for the first time, it is not easy to incorporate all the capabilities at the first instance. Studies have established that, staging the first features in project management implementation help to establish both the short term and long term changes effected in an organization. Any changes that are likely to take place are considered due to the fact that, if too much changes takes place, the chances of implementation reduce, with most of the people within the organization becoming resistant to the change. Resistant to change is one of the human characteristics. Critique of Project Management Approach Researchers have however established that there still exist discomfort in the use of projects. While project management is preferred as the most efficient way of implementing change within an organization, use of too many projects may fail to deliver the desired results. Researchers have asserted that, most projects in organizations fail to deliver due to the use of poor project management practices, whose importance has been ignored by managers over a long period of time (Balogun, Hailey, 2004). Grundy, Brown (2002), have argued that the approach of organizational management is not effective on its own in the field of information technology, because they assume that IT solutions are developed by a technical team. The potential solution for organizations dealing with IT has been stated to be misaligned with the important characteristics of an organization like incentives or culture. Combining the management of projects in IT and organizational change management as it has been argued, cannot produce the desired results for the organizational change. Conclusion From the above analysis, studies have shown that, where a project manager is well equipped with the skills and knowledge of project management, projects work as the best tool for implementing change within the organization. Senior managers spend a lot of efforts and time promoting and formulating their strategy, but most of the time, they realize very little changes within the organization. The strategy may not yield the results expected, somehow the original goals are dissipated in the process of moving the strategy to implement the change, and the initial momentum may be lost before the anticipated benefits are achieved. Failure to implement change occurs as a result of the senior management trying to make use of the the existing structures and systems within the organization, the status quo, to change the same status quo. The adoption of a project oriented a approach with its associated management framework, is sufficient to ensure greater success in the implementation of change within an organization.

Free Essays - Abuse in The Bluest Eye :: Bluest Eye Essays

Abuse in The Bluest Eye The Bluest Eye by Toni Morrison, is about an eleven year old girl, Pecola, who is abused by almost everyone in her life. Every day she encounters racism, not just from the white people, but also from the African American people. In her eyes, her skin is too dark, and the color of her skin makes her inferior to everyone else. The color of her skin makes her think that she is ugly. She feels that she can overcome this if she can get blue eyes. Pecola thinks that if she can be like the blue eyed Shirley Temple, everyone will love her. Pecola wishes to have blue eyes because she feels they will make her loved and accepted by the people in her life. Pecola is abused almost by everyone in her life. One day, she goes to Geraldine's house. Geraldine is a middle-class African American woman. Junior, Geraldine's son, harasses Pecola by throwing his cat around and eventually kills it. When Geraldine walks in, she says, "Get out. You nasty little black bitch. Get out of my house"(93). Geraldine thinks that her son does not kill the cat. She trust him more than Pecola. Pecola thinks that Geraldine called her "nasty" because of her appearance, dark skin. Also, calling an eleven year old girl a "bitch" is like killing committee a crime. A little girl does not really know what that word means, but she know it's horrible. Being called a "black beach", by an African American person hurts even more than being called by a white person because they are the same race. They go through the same types of things because of their skin color. They are suppose to support each other. This makes Pecola feel more ashamed of herself and want to change her appearance to be accepted and trusted by Geraldine's . Her family treated her the same way. Pecola's dad raped her. Mrs. Breedlove, her mother, did not pay attention to her. One day, Pecola decides to visit her mom at work. Mrs. Breedlove was a nanny for this white girl. Pecola accidentally knocks over a blueberry pie. Mrs. Breedlove says, " Crazy fool... my floor, mess... look what you... work...get on out. Hush, baby, hush. Come her. Oh, lord, look at your dress.

Mobile phone and Landline phone Essay

Phones are important because we rely on them to communicate with other people. Despite the cell phone cannot give you a clear, crystal clear connection as a landline phone. Landline phone is a device which we connect to the output of our homes and businesses. On the other hand, cell phones and mobile have the capacity and advanced technology. While they both perform the same basic function, there are significant differences between landline and mobile phones. There are many differences between landline and mobile phones. Convinces of having a cell phone is that you can have it on hand where ever you go. As for a landline you cannot take it with you. Cell phone have a GPS technology that can find your exact location or where you trying to go. Cell phone also can give you the chance to take live pictures or video camera whereas landline cannot. Cell phone has great features such as watch TV, MP3 players, can store all our contact information, keep track of our appointments, and important dates. The most important advantage of landlines for cell phones that 9-1-1 operators can better determine your location in an emergency. When you call 9-1-1 from a landline phone, the operator can find the exact address where the call originated. When you call 9-1-1 from a cell phone, on the other hand, the operator only receives information about your approximate latitude and longitude, which can be from 50 to 300 yards. If you are in an emergency and cannot speak to give 9-1-1 operator your location, have stationary can save your life. The similarity of landline and cell phone is the fact that they are both used for communication. One quality of the technology they are good for emergencies, for example, if you just need to call a friend or family, as the technology can do this. Both are good and reliable person depends on your needs. In conclusion, we know that cell phones are more comfortable and fashionable than landline. Phones have improved over the year; we have gone from the house phone to cell phones. Cell phones and home phones are similar in a couple of ways, but very different in many ways. Nowadays we see people on the streets with their cell phones, as many people know that it’s easier and cheaper.

Fast Food Nation Essay

Whether we like it or not, fast food and its detrimental effects have become an epidemic. For many years, people have been oblivious to the growth of the fast food industry. However, over the past three decades, the fast food industry has nearly taken over our American society; almost anywhere, one can see its vast influence. As a result, in his book, Fast Food Nation, Eric Schlosser portrays the influence of the industry. By implementing pathetic appeals for injustice and disgust, statistics from reputable sources, and fear of the consequences of fast food, Schlosser shows the average adult how the fast food industry is ruining American culture as a way to reform its problems. Throughout his book, Schlosser consistently tries to create an emotional appeal, particularly to one’s injustice and disgust to depict his opinion. When one hears things such as, â€Å"The hamburger habit is just about as safe†¦as getting your meat out of a garbage can† (Schlosser 195), he or she cannot help but to be disgusted. Of course no one wants to be told that he or she is eating trash. Moreover, Schlosser discusses other vomit-inducing truths such as, the numerous amounts of cannibal animals among the animals whose meat becomes the food that people eat at a fast food restaurant (202). He also talks about how every year there are millions of dead animals purchased to be fed to the animals that restaurants provide as meat (Schlosser 202). Lastly, Schlosser writes, â€Å"There is shit in the meat† (197), which immediately grabs the reader’s attention and hence shows his pathetic appeal to persuasively convey his opinion. Would anyone really want to eat a feces burger for lunch? In addition, out of 355 detailed pages, Schlosser’s statistics are omnipresent. He constantly uses them to back up his statements with evidence, even dedicating one sixth of the book to notes full of statistics with reputable sources. Although he already states his facts persuasively, they become more convincing with this use of logos. For instance, at many times, authors will make up a statement and act as if it were a true fact. However, when he writes, â€Å"There is a 100 percent turnover rate annually† (Schlosser 325) and quotes it from a published article, one can actually know the turnover rate without having to question its validity. Furthermore, when Schlosser writes about how 7. 5% of all ground beef samples are contaminated with Salmonella and quotes it from a Nationwide Microbiological survey, one does not have a hard time believing its legitimacy (Schlosser 333). One of the most persuasive strategies Schlosser uses in his book is his appeal to his audience’s consequential fears of fast food. For most people, living life is a wonderful gift and if anything could be able to take it away, people would doubtlessly avoid it. Schlosser does an effective job at listing the harmful consequences; since he clearly detests the fast food industry’s influence, he does this to help reform against the influence of it. For example, when Schlosser brings up the existence of E. coli O157:H7 in fast food, he does not simply say, â€Å"It is bad† (199). He goes on and elaborates with great detail, giving a story of a six year old boy named Alex who died because of the bug (200). Not only does he dramatize the story but he also narrates the events chronologically to draw the greatest response from the reader. Schlosser writes, â€Å"It progressed to diarrhea†¦Doctors frantically tried to save Alex’s life, drilling holes in his skull to relieve pressure, inserting tubes in his chest to keep him breathing†¦ Toward the end, Alex suffered hallucinations and dementia, no longer recognizing his mother or father† (200). These events, individually, already seem terrifying. Together, it magnifies the effect. Pathos and logos play an important role throughout Schlosser’s entire book. He is clearly against the fast food industry’s ubiquitous influence and as a result, he writes with pathetic appeals, reputable sources, and fear evoking descriptions to abolish its influence on American culture. What he writes has shown to be true; fast food has had a negative effect on society. While fast food may have some benefits, it’s detrimental in the long run. Day by day, the influence of fast food continues to grow and harm the American culture.

Fear Loathing in Las Vegas Essays

Fear Loathing in Las Vegas Essays Fear Loathing in Las Vegas Paper Fear Loathing in Las Vegas Paper Fear and Loathing in Las Vegas by Hunter S. Thompson unmasks the reality of the American Dream. In the book Thompson portrays and reveals the American Dream as dead, but also as an illusion created by American society. The American Dream was originally portrayed as the notion that you must work hard to achieve the wealth you wish to gain, but now the American Dream in reality consists of people cheating their way to the Dream. Thompson depicts this reality with different events throughout the book and by setting the story in Las Vegas. Thompson, from the very beginning, mentions the American Dream to the reader. He introduces the American Dream as if it were real: were on our way to Las Vegas to find the American Dream (6). The American Dream is never clearly stated to be a certain information or idea. But we always assume that the American Dream is achieved through hard work and aspiration to do the impossible. Raoul Duke and Dr. Gonzo sets out on a Journey to Las Vegas to find the American Dream. Duke and Dr. Gonzo dont realize that the American Dream is only an illusion. : The Dream is always in sight, but you are never able to reach it. l tell you, my man, this is the American Dream in action! (10). They think that, because of the good fortune that that they have received, they are living the American Dream. When Raoul Duke and Dr. Gonzo set out on their Journey at the beginning of the book, they have a carload of drugs and illegal substances. I think, because they are always high, they are living part of the American Dream of not caring what they do. When they go to Las Vegas, they have no regard for the law at all. In Part Two of the book, Duke and Dr. Gonzo attend the District Attorneys Conference on Narcotics and Dangerous Drugs with many law enforcers in attendance. They attend the conference high and go unnoticed in front of all of the law enforcers. Because they are under the influence of illegal substances at the conference and none of the officers notice, it seems as if they are living in an illusion where crimes go unnoticed and therefore are living the American Dream. Being in Las Vegas, you would expect to find crazy people, people on drugs, and eople who Just dont care what they do and let loose. Las Vegas is bright with lights to capture the attention of people searching for the American Dream. Las Vegas is the short cut to the top. People go to Las Vegas to escape the reality of their lives; Las Vegas is the illusion of the American Dream: Still humping the American Dream, that vision of the Big Winner somehow emerging from the last-minute pre-dawn chaos of a stale Vegas casino (57). Because the book is exemplify mainly in Las Vegas, Thompson displays how the city is the perfect place to set the illusion of the American Dream. Throughout the book, Hunter S. Thompson writes about the American Dream. He portrays the American Dream as an illusion and uses many examples and the setting to us perceive the illusion. In the end, the American Dream is only an illusion portrayed by living the high life but by not working hard to get there. The idea of the American Dream is only there to push us in the direction we wish to go in our lives. Fear Loathing in Las Vegas By paigegibo